Ontologies, schemas & standards · across every domain

See how the world’s schemas fit together.

A curated, automatically evaluated catalog of ontologies, schemas, vocabularies and data standards across the sciences, from biomedicine and earth science to chemistry, engineering and the humanities. Every entry is scored against the FAIR principles, ontology quality, maintenance and community adoption, with the exact version evaluated and full provenance.

Resources
2683
Categories
15
Adopting projects
215
Avg. score
22

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Foundational & Upper OntologiesTop-level ontologies and shared relations that other domains build on and align to.39 resources + 13 from other domainsMetadata, Provenance & PublishingDescribing datasets, catalogs, provenance, people, citations and licences, on the web and in research.518 resources + 102 from other domainsLife SciencesGenes, proteins, cells, anatomy, taxonomy, investigations and bioinformatics.363 resources + 174 from other domainsHealth & ClinicalDiseases, phenotypes, clinical terminologies and healthcare data models.166 resources + 114 from other domainsNeuroscienceBrain data standards, behaviour and neuroscience metadata. See neuroschema.org for the full neuroscience catalog.46 resources + 23 from other domainsChemistry & MaterialsChemical entities, reactions, methods and materials.99 resources + 74 from other domainsEarth & EnvironmentEnvironments, earth science, geospatial data, sensors and observations.306 resources + 71 from other domainsAgriculture, Food & PlantsCrops, plants, traits, livestock and food.51 resources + 82 from other domainsPhysical Sciences, Maths & UnitsQuantities and units of measure, mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.54 resources + 50 from other domainsEngineering & Built EnvironmentSmart devices, buildings, the Internet of Things and industrial data.217 resources + 77 from other domainsHumanities & CultureCultural heritage, art, archives, media, music and language.131 resources + 76 from other domainsPrivacy, Security & LawData protection and GDPR, consent, contracts and licences, cybersecurity and legal knowledge.55 resources + 35 from other domainsSociety, Government & BusinessGovernment, law, economics, business, transport, tourism, people and organisations.196 resources + 98 from other domainsComputing & SoftwareSoftware, research code and data-science methods.88 resources + 70 from other domainsMultidisciplinary & GeneralVocabularies that span many fields or that registries have not assigned to a single domain.354 resources

Cross-domain fit

How domains connect

Each line joins two domains that share ontologies or schemas, either because one resource is used in both, or because a resource in one imports a resource in the other. Thicker lines mean more sharing. Foundational ontologies, units and metadata vocabularies are the bridges.

Strongest bridges

  1. BFO Basic Formal Ontology
  2. RO Relation Ontology
  3. CHEBI Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
  4. EFO Experimental Factor Ontology
  5. OWL-Time Time Ontology in OWL
  6. BAO BioAssay Ontology
  7. QUDT Quantities, Units, Dimensions, and Types Ontology
Health & Clinical ↔ Life Sciences: 378 sharedLife Sciences ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 264 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Life Sciences: 234 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Life Sciences: 129 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 122 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Life Sciences: 98 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Health & Clinical: 94 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Life Sciences: 81 sharedLife Sciences ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 68 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Health & Clinical: 67 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 53 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 52 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 51 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Health & Clinical: 50 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Life Sciences: 50 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Engineering & Built Environment: 49 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Health & Clinical: 49 sharedMetadata, Provenance & Publishing ↔ Society, Government & Business: 46 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 46 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Society, Government & Business: 40 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 40 sharedLife Sciences ↔ Society, Government & Business: 37 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Life Sciences: 37 sharedLife Sciences ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 35 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Neuroscience: 34 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Life Sciences: 34 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Earth & Environment: 33 sharedLife Sciences ↔ Neuroscience: 33 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 29 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 29 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Earth & Environment: 26 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Engineering & Built Environment: 25 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Foundational & Upper Ontologies: 24 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Humanities & Culture: 24 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Humanities & Culture: 23 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Metadata, Provenance & Publishing: 23 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Foundational & Upper Ontologies: 21 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Foundational & Upper Ontologies: 20 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Engineering & Built Environment: 19 sharedMetadata, Provenance & Publishing ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 19 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 18 sharedMetadata, Provenance & Publishing ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 18 sharedPrivacy, Security & Law ↔ Society, Government & Business: 17 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Health & Clinical: 16 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Engineering & Built Environment: 16 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Society, Government & Business: 16 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Humanities & Culture: 15 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 15 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Chemistry & Materials: 15 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Society, Government & Business: 14 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 14 sharedMetadata, Provenance & Publishing ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 14 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Society, Government & Business: 13 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Humanities & Culture: 12 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 11 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Health & Clinical: 11 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Earth & Environment: 11 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Humanities & Culture: 9 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 9 sharedMetadata, Provenance & Publishing ↔ Neuroscience: 8 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 8 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Foundational & Upper Ontologies: 8 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 7 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 7 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Society, Government & Business: 7 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 7 sharedLife Sciences ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 7 sharedHealth & Clinical ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 7 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Neuroscience: 7 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Humanities & Culture: 7 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Foundational & Upper Ontologies: 7 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 7 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Computing & Software: 6 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Society, Government & Business: 6 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 5 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Neuroscience: 5 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Neuroscience: 5 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 5 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 4 sharedPhysical Sciences, Maths & Units ↔ Society, Government & Business: 4 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Computing & Software: 4 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Society, Government & Business: 4 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Neuroscience: 4 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 3 sharedNeuroscience ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 3 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Neuroscience: 3 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Neuroscience: 2 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies ↔ Humanities & Culture: 2 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 2 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Society, Government & Business: 2 sharedEarth & Environment ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 2 sharedChemistry & Materials ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 2 sharedComputing & Software ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 2 sharedAgriculture, Food & Plants ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 2 sharedMultidisciplinary & General ↔ Neuroscience: 2 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Neuroscience: 2 sharedPhysical Sciences, Maths & Units ↔ Privacy, Security & Law: 1 sharedEngineering & Built Environment ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 1 sharedHumanities & Culture ↔ Multidisciplinary & General: 1 sharedMultidisciplinary & General ↔ Physical Sciences, Maths & Units: 1 sharedFoundational & Upper Ontologies: 52 resourcesFoundationalMetadata, Provenance & Publishing: 620 resourcesMetadataLife Sciences: 537 resourcesLife SciencesHealth & Clinical: 280 resourcesHealthNeuroscience: 69 resourcesNeuroscienceChemistry & Materials: 173 resourcesChemistryEarth & Environment: 377 resourcesEarthAgriculture, Food & Plants: 133 resourcesAgriculturePhysical Sciences, Maths & Units: 104 resourcesPhysical SciencesEngineering & Built Environment: 294 resourcesEngineeringHumanities & Culture: 207 resourcesHumanitiesPrivacy, Security & Law: 90 resourcesPrivacySociety, Government & Business: 294 resourcesSocietyComputing & Software: 158 resourcesComputingMultidisciplinary & General: 354 resourcesMultidisciplinary
Node size: resources used in the domain. Hover a line for the count.

Highest rated

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Ontology A99

CLCell Ontology

The Cell Ontology is designed as a structured controlled vocabulary for cell types. The ontology was constructed for use by the model organism and other bioinformatics databases, incorporating cell types from prokaryotes to mammals, and includes plants and fungi.

Life Sciences+2 domains 2026-06-08
OWLOBOJSON FAIR 48/48 · 8 adopters
Ontology A96

OBIOntology for Biomedical Investigations

The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) project is developing an integrated ontology for the description of biological and clinical investigations. The ontology will represent the design of an investigation, the protocols and instrumentation used, the material used, the data generated and the type analysis performed on it. Currently OBI is being built under the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO).

Life Sciences+2 domains 2026-07-27
OWLOBO FAIR 48/48 · 5 adopters
Ontology A96

UBERONUber Anatomy Ontology

Uberon is an integrated cross-species anatomy ontology representing a variety of entities classified according to traditional anatomical criteria such as structure, function and developmental lineage. The ontology includes comprehensive relationships to taxon-specific anatomical ontologies, allowing integration of functional, phenotype and expression data.

Life Sciences+3 domains 2026-10-01
OWLOBOJSON FAIR 47/48 · 13 adopters
Ontology A93

MPMammalian Phenotype Ontology

The Mammalian Phenotype Ontology (MP) classifies and organises phenotypic information related to the mouse and other mammalian species. This ontology has been applied to mouse phenotype descriptions in various databases allowing comparisons of data from diverse mammalian sources. It can facilitate in the identification of appropriate experimental disease models, and aid in the discovery of candidate disease genes and molecular signaling pathways.

Life Sciences+1 domain 2026-09-23
OWLOBOJSON FAIR 48/48 · 3 adopters
Ontology A92

GOGene Ontology

The Gene Ontology project provides a controlled vocabulary to describe gene and gene product attributes in any organism.

Life Sciences+3 domains 2026-07-26
OWLOBOJSON FAIR 48/48 · 6 adopters

Recently updated

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Ontology D42

TFOTransformON

A domain ontology on food and bioproduct processing and characterization that is a specialization of the PO2 ontology (Process and Observation Ontology).

RDF FAIR 29/48 · 0 adopters
Vocabulary D42

HEDHierarchical Event Descriptors

A structured vocabulary and annotation system for describing experimental events in time-series data such as EEG, MEG, fMRI and behavior.

Neuroscience+1 domain mouse_v1.0.0
XMLMediaWikiTSV FAIR 24/48 · 2 adopters
Ontology A89

VOVaccine Ontology

The Vaccine Ontology (VO) is a community-based biomedical ontology in the domain of vaccines and vaccination. VO aims to standardize vaccine types and annotations, integrate various vaccine data, and support computer-assisted reasoning. The VO supports basic vaccine R&D and clinical vaccine usage. VO is being developed as a community-based ontology with support and collaborations from the vaccine and bio-ontology communities.

Health & Clinical+1 domain 2026-06-12
OWL FAIR 48/48 · 4 adopters
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